![]() Lei M, Zhang Y, Khan S, Qin PF, Liao BH (2010) Pollution, fractionation, and mobility of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in garden and paddy soils from a Pb/Zn mining area. Kaninga BK, Chishala BH, Maseka KK, Sakala GM, Lark MR, Tye A, Watts MJ (2020) Review: mine tailings in an African tropical environment-mechanisms for the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils. Jamal A, Delavar MA, Naderi A, Nourieh N, Medi B, Mahvi AH (2019) Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil surrounding a lead and zinc smelting plant in Zanjan. Huang S, Yuan C, Li Q, Yang Y, Tang C, Ouyang K, Wang B (2017) Distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in soils from a typical Pb-Zn mining area. Huang D, Gui H, Linc M, Peng W (2018) Chemical speciation distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soil from sunan mining area, Anhui Province. Gujre N, Mitra S, Soni A, Agnihotri R, Rangan L, Rene ER, Sharma MP (2021) Speciation, contamination, ecological and human health risks assessment of heavy metals in soils dumped with municipal solid wastes. Gruszecka-Kosowska A, Baran A, Mazur-Kajta K, Czech T (2019) Geochemical fractions of the agricultural soils of Southern Poland and the assessment of the potentially harmful element mobility. įan S, Wang X, Lei J, Ran Q, Ren Y, Zhou J (2019) Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metals in a typical Pb/Zn smelter in an arid area of northwest China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(14):1–16. Įlmayel I, Esbrí JM, Efrén GO, García-Noguero EM, Elouear Z, Jalel B, Farieri A, Roqueñí N, Cienfuegos P, Higueras P (2020) Evolution of the speciation and mobility of Pb, Zn and Cd in relation to transport processes in a mining environment. ĭang VM, Van HT, Duong HTM, Nguyen DH, Chao HP, Nguyen LH, Lin CC (2020) Evaluation of fly ash, apatite and rice straw derived-biochar in varying combinations for in situ remediation of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals. ĭang VM, Joseph S, Van HT, Mai TLA, Duong TMH, Weldon S, Munroe P, Mitchell D, Taherymoosavi S (2018) Immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil after mining activity by using biochar and other industrial by-products: the significant role of minerals on the biochar surfaces. Ĭhu TTH (2011) Survey on heavy metals contaminated soils in Thai Nguyen and Hung Yen provinces in Northern Vietnam. Ĭhu HTT, Vu TV, Nguyen TKB, Nguyen HTH (2019) Accumulation of arsenic and heavy metals in native and cultivated plant species in a lead recycling area in Vietnam. Ĭharzyński P, Plak A, Hanaka A (2017) Influence of the soil sealing on the geo-accumulation index of heavy metals and various pollution factors. ![]() The result of this study can provide helpful information for local land managers and environmental protectors.Īngelovičová L, Fazekašová D (2014) Contamination of the soil and water environment by heavy metals in the former mining area of Rudňany (Slovakia). It is speculated that the five metals might stem from human activities while Cr might originate from natural sources. Statistics showed that Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, and As metals were strongly related to each other, whereas Cr had a weak relationship with the other five metals. ![]() The pollution indices showed that Pb, Zn, Cd were from high to intense contamination, while Cu, As, and Cr were at a mild and moderate pollution level. The quantity of these elements was distributed in the five chemical fractions in the order: bound to carbonates (F2) > bound to Fe–Mn oxides (F3) > residual (F5) > exchangeable (F1) > bound to organic matter (F4). The average concentrations of the heavy metals were found in the following order Zn > Pb > Cd > Cu > As > Cr. Multivariable statistics were applied to ascertain the relationship between the metals and their deriving sources. Environmental indices such as geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, risk assessment code, and individual contamination factor were used to assess the studied metals' risk and degree of contamination. The concentrations and chemical fractions of heavy metals (copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As)) were investigated. This study collected 17 surface soil samples from a lead/zinc mining area in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam. Heavy metal pollution in the mining area is a severe problem in developing countries like Vietnam.
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